Breed History of the Bernese Mountain Dog

"The best-known of the Swiss Mountain Dogs, the Bernese is distinguished by being the only one that has a fairly long and silky coat. The origin of the breed is speculative at best. Some experts believe that the history of this breed dates back to the Roman invasion of Switzerland when Roman mastiffs crossed with native herding dogs. This cross produced a strong dog that could withstand the alpine climate and could serve as a draft dog, herding guardian, shepherd, and overall farm dog. Despite their utility, little attempt was made to perpetuate them as a breed on purpose. By the late 19th century, the breed was in danger of being lost. At that time, Professor Albert Heim initiated a study of Swiss dogs that led to the identification of the Bernese Mountain Dog as one of the existing types. These dogs were found only in the valleys of the lower Alps. Thanks to Dr. Heim's efforts, these dogs were promoted throughout Switzerland and even in Europe. The best specimens were found in the Bern area, giving the breed the name Bernese Mountain Dog. With the expansion of the breed, the name was changed to Bernese Mountain Dogs. Currently, Bernese Mountain Dogs are one of the over 343 breeds recognized by the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) and the CKC (Canadian Kennel Club)."